Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely used as a white pigment in paints, food colouring, cosmetics, and toothpastes.The first report of photocatalytic splitting of water on a TiO2 electrode under ultraviolet (UV) light was reported in 1972. TiO2 has been extensively studied and remained as one of the most important candidates used as photovoltaic cells, photocatalysis, photodegradation, electrochromic devices etc. It has the property like nontoxicity, strong optical absorption, low cost, and high chemical stability.
Having a photocatalytic activity, it have the ability to induce Photodynamic therapy (PDT).Being a photosensitizing agent along with its high photocatalytic efficiency, low toxicity and excellent photostability, it has been promising agent to treat the cancer. Acts asstrong antibacterial agent and destroy tick, bacteria, virus by sterilization.It also has the ability to discharge much oxygen.When TiO2 nanoparticles were illuminated by UV light with wavelength less than 385 nm, photo-induced electrons and holes could be created these photo-induced electrons and holes could further react with hydroxyl ions or water to form powerful oxidative radicals (e.g.OH, HO2), 57 which are capable of destroying the structure of bacteria, fungi,tumor cells, and so on.